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The financial reporting to date has been done using absorption costing.
That is to say that the manufacturing costs included direct materials,
direct labor, variable manufacturing overhead and fixed manufacturing
overhead. In this sense the Income Statements have historically reported
Gross Margin. Following is a Monthly Income Statement, based on
absorption costing, for Performance Drinks:
You begin to wonder if
there would be any value in repackaging the income statement in a way
that would report Contribution Margin as opposed to Gross Margin. You
know that in order to report Contribution Margin you will need to
understand your costs as variable and fixed. Unfortunately the general
ledger does not specifically report costs as variable and fixed. You
remember learning that regression analysis can be used to generate data
that can be used to create a total cost equation. With the total cost
equation we can understand our total cost as the sum of fixed costs and
variable costs. After doing some research your collect the following
data related to overhead and possible causal factors:
Requirement #1
Using the data above, which has also been provided electronically in Excel, run the following regression analyses:
• Linear regression analyzing total overhead cost and units sold
• Linear regression analyzing total overhead cost and machine hours used
• Multiple regression analysis analyzing total overhead cost along with both units sold and machine hours used
Requirement #2
Based
on the results from the three regression analyses determine which
correlation provides the best estimate of the total cost equation.
Explain why you selected the correlation that you did.
Requirement #3
Write out the total cost equation using the results from the multiple regression test.
Requirement #4
Create
a “Contribution” formatted income statement using the results from the
multiple regression test. Your selling price per unit and your direct
material cost per unit and your direct labor cost per unit and your
fringe benefits all come from the original “Traditional” income
statement. Use the following additional information regarding machine
hours, used by each product, to compute variable overhead.
Reference
the following sales volumes, by product, for your cost allocation
related to units sold. This data will help you calculate variable
overhead.
Use the following template as a guide for the format of your “Contribution” Income Statement:
Requirement #5
Compute the following:
• Break-even point in units
• Break-even point in sales dollars
• Targeted profit point in units (use $50,000 as your targeted profit point)
• Margin of Safety
Requirement #6
A
new customer has surfaced. That customer has asked you to consider
producing a special one-time order for them. This special order would
require a modification to the recipe that will slightly increase the
variable cost per unit. Furthermore, there would be a small fixed cost
addition. The details for the order as follows:
Conduct a
differential analysis regarding this special order. Would you accept
this order under the conditions provided? Explain and defend your
position.
Requirement #7:
Your management team has asked you to
consider investing in a new piece of equipment. The details of that
investment opportunity are following:
The discount rate for this project is 5%. Compute the following:
• Net Present Value
• Internal Rate of Return
Would you recommend investing in this new piece of equipment? Explain and defend your position.
