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Freedom
of religion is a huge, controversial and more often than not debatable issue in
most part of the world. It has become a polemic that is intensely discussed and
debated among societies of the world with diverse religion. However, there is
no definite outcome or solution regarding the issue of freedom of religion as
people opinions differs with each other. Freedom of religion that is professed
in certain countries is also under huge scrutiny and criticisms on how it
should be practiced in order to satisfy the needs and expectations of that
community. Hence, it is nearly impossible to come into a collective conclusion
on how it should be properly practiced.
Furthermore,
the ongoing struggle for religious liberty has been in the making for centuries
and has even lead to countless, often tragic conflicts. However in the
twentieth century saw codification of common values related to freedom of
religion and beliefs in numerous international treaties, declarations and
conventions. For example, the United Nations had recognized the importance of
freedom of religion in the 1948
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Universal Declaration),
Article 18 of which states “ everyone shall have the right to freedom of
thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have a
religion or whatever belief of his [her] choice.” Similar provisions can also be found in the 1966: International Covenant on Civil and
Political rights, (Article 18),
1981: Declaration on the Elimination of
All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief,
and 1993: Human Right’s Committee’s
General Comment Number 22 on Article 18 of the Civil and Political Covenant.
However,
there is no enforceable, binding documents specifically related to the freedom
of religion or belief has ever been successful. Therefore according to the
matter and provisions stated above, the purpose of this assignment is to
discuss the polemic of freedom of religion as observed by us. This assignment
will cover the subtopics of the feeling of unjust between the non-Muslims in
Malaysia in accordance to Article 11 of the Federal Constitution of Malaysia,
the concept of freedom of religion in Malaysia, the right to practice in
Malaysia and also the right to practice the freedom of religion according to
the perspectives of countries such as United States (US), Iran, Saudi Arabia
and also France.
