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Bowel and urinary bladder control involve spinal reflexes coordinated in the sacral region of the spinal cord and voluntary control from the cerebral cortex. In both defecation and urination, two sphincter muscles – an inner sphincter of smooth muscle and an outer sphincter of skeletal muscle – control the passage of wastes (feces and urine) out of the body.
For the greatest number of points, describe normal function and then describe the results ofthe transection.