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Bangladesh Biodiversity
Assessment: A Brief-review
Abstract
Bangladesh is a country of rich biological
diversity. Bangladesh Sundarbans is the home to Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris).
The different ecosystems support about 3 Gymnosperms, 1700 Pteridophytes and
5700 Angiosperms plants species. Approximately 53 species of amphibians, 158
reptiles (including 19 marine species), 690 birds (380 residents, 209 winter
visitors, 11 summer visitors and 90 vagrants) and 121 species of mammals
(including 5 marine species) found in Bangladesh. But this stunning
biodiversity both plants and animals are declining at an alarming rate from the
wilderness. Only proper conservation and management initiatives can save them
from extinction.
Keywords: Biodiversity,
Wildlife, Bangladesh
28
VII
International extramural scientific-practical conference, Moscow, Russian
Federation

Introduction
Bangladesh a small subtropical country in South Asia
with rich biological diversity. The richness of this diversity as a consequence
of its location in the subtropical belt at the confluence of the two major
biotic sub-regions of the Oriental Region: The Indo-Himalayas and Indo-China.
The biodiversity of these two biotic sub-regions overlap in Bangladesh, making
the country’s biodiversity very diverse from all directions. The species
richness of Bangladesh is well recognized when compared with other areas. For
example, the total number of bird species in Bangladesh is nearly the same as
all of Europe [1]. The five broad types of ecosystems in Bangladesh are coastal
and marine ecosystems, inland freshwater ecosystems, terrestrial forest
ecosystems, hilly ecosystems and man-made homestead ecosystems [2].
Bangladesh’s inland water bodies are known to be the habitat of 266 species of
indigenous fish, 13 exotic fish, 56 prawns, about 26 freshwater mollusks, and
150 birds. The marine water bodies (200 nautical miles along the coast) are
also remarkable for being habitat of 442 species of fish (Figure 2). There are
at least 36 species of marine shrimps. About 336 species of mollusks, covering
151genera have been identified from the Bay of Bengal. In addition, several
species of crabs, and 31 species of turtles and tortoises, of which 24 live in
freshwater, are found in Bangladesh [2-3].

NUMBER
OF RECORDED SPECIES
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6000
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5700
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5000
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4000
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3000
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2000
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1700
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1000
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